the cypress

* * *

cū̆pressus, i, and less freq. ūs, f. (m. acc. plur. rectosque cupressos, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, 13, and ap. Non. p. 195; rare collat. form cypărissus, i, f., Verg. A. 3, 680; cf. infra B.; and in late Lat. cȳ̆pressus, i, f., Vulg. Ecclus. 24, 17; Isid. Orig. 17, 7, 34), = kuparissos, the cypress, an evergreen tree sacred to Pluto and used at funerals: Cupressus sempervirens, Linn.— Sing. nom., Hor. C. 4, 6, 10; Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 142; 16, 40, 78, § 212; Ov. M. 10, 106.— Gen. cupressi, Cato, R. R. 48, 1; 151, 1 sq.; Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 89; 24, 5, 10, § 15; Val. Fl. 1, 774; Ser. Samm. 598; 691 al.;

cupressus,

Plin. 14, 16, 19, § 112; App. M. 6, 30, p. 186; 8, 18, p. 209.— Dat. cupresso, Ser. Samm. 688.— Abl. cupresso, Verg. A. 3, 64; Hor. A. P. 332; Cels. 4, 9; 6, 18, 6; Plin. 22, 23, 47, § 97; 24, 6, 22, § 32; Vitr. 1, 2, 8; 2, 9, 12; Mart. 6, 73, 7; Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 2:

cupressu,

Cat. 64, 291; Ov. M. 3, 155; id. Tr. 3, 13, 21; Vitr. 2, 9, 13; Col. 4, 26, 1; Mart. 6, 49, 4; 6, 49, 11; Petr. 120; Spart. Sev. 22, 4.— Plur. nom. cupressi, Verg. E. 1, 26; Hor. C. 1, 9, 11:

cupressus,

Petr. 131; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 370.— Acc. cupressos, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, 13; Cato, R. R. 28, 1; Varr. R. R. 1, 15, 1, 26; Verg. G. 2, 443; id. A. 6, 216; Hor. C. 2, 14, 23; id. Epod. 5, 18:

cupressus,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 393.—

Personified: Cypărissus, i, m., a youth changed to a cypress, Ov M. 10, 121 sq.; cf. Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 20; id. A. 3, 64.—

Meton., a box of cypress wood; abl. cupresso, Hor. A. P. 332.

cū̆pressus, i, and less freq. ūs, f. (m. acc. plur. rectosque cupressos, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, 13, and ap. Non. p. 195; rare collat. form cypărissus, i, f., Verg. A. 3, 680; cf. infra B.; and in late Lat. cȳ̆pressus, i, f., Vulg. Ecclus. 24, 17; Isid. Orig. 17, 7, 34), = kuparissos, the cypress, an evergreen tree sacred to Pluto and used at funerals: Cupressus sempervirens, Linn.— Sing. nom., Hor. C. 4, 6, 10; Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 142; 16, 40, 78, § 212; Ov. M. 10, 106.— Gen. cupressi, Cato, R. R. 48, 1; 151, 1 sq.; Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 89; 24, 5, 10, § 15; Val. Fl. 1, 774; Ser. Samm. 598; 691 al.;

cupressus,

Plin. 14, 16, 19, § 112; App. M. 6, 30, p. 186; 8, 18, p. 209.— Dat. cupresso, Ser. Samm. 688.— Abl. cupresso, Verg. A. 3, 64; Hor. A. P. 332; Cels. 4, 9; 6, 18, 6; Plin. 22, 23, 47, § 97; 24, 6, 22, § 32; Vitr. 1, 2, 8; 2, 9, 12; Mart. 6, 73, 7; Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 2:

cupressu,

Cat. 64, 291; Ov. M. 3, 155; id. Tr. 3, 13, 21; Vitr. 2, 9, 13; Col. 4, 26, 1; Mart. 6, 49, 4; 6, 49, 11; Petr. 120; Spart. Sev. 22, 4.— Plur. nom. cupressi, Verg. E. 1, 26; Hor. C. 1, 9, 11:

cupressus,

Petr. 131; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 370.— Acc. cupressos, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, 13; Cato, R. R. 28, 1; Varr. R. R. 1, 15, 1, 26; Verg. G. 2, 443; id. A. 6, 216; Hor. C. 2, 14, 23; id. Epod. 5, 18:

cupressus,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 393.—

Personified: Cypărissus, i, m., a youth changed to a cypress, Ov M. 10, 121 sq.; cf. Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 20; id. A. 3, 64.—

Meton., a box of cypress wood; abl. cupresso, Hor. A. P. 332.

cū̆pressus, i, and less freq. ūs, f. (m. acc. plur. rectosque cupressos, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, 13, and ap. Non. p. 195; rare collat. form cypărissus, i, f., Verg. A. 3, 680; cf. infra B.; and in late Lat. cȳ̆pressus, i, f., Vulg. Ecclus. 24, 17; Isid. Orig. 17, 7, 34), = kuparissos, the cypress, an evergreen tree sacred to Pluto and used at funerals: Cupressus sempervirens, Linn.— Sing. nom., Hor. C. 4, 6, 10; Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 142; 16, 40, 78, § 212; Ov. M. 10, 106.— Gen. cupressi, Cato, R. R. 48, 1; 151, 1 sq.; Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 89; 24, 5, 10, § 15; Val. Fl. 1, 774; Ser. Samm. 598; 691 al.;

cupressus,

Plin. 14, 16, 19, § 112; App. M. 6, 30, p. 186; 8, 18, p. 209.— Dat. cupresso, Ser. Samm. 688.— Abl. cupresso, Verg. A. 3, 64; Hor. A. P. 332; Cels. 4, 9; 6, 18, 6; Plin. 22, 23, 47, § 97; 24, 6, 22, § 32; Vitr. 1, 2, 8; 2, 9, 12; Mart. 6, 73, 7; Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 2:

cupressu,

Cat. 64, 291; Ov. M. 3, 155; id. Tr. 3, 13, 21; Vitr. 2, 9, 13; Col. 4, 26, 1; Mart. 6, 49, 4; 6, 49, 11; Petr. 120; Spart. Sev. 22, 4.— Plur. nom. cupressi, Verg. E. 1, 26; Hor. C. 1, 9, 11:

cupressus,

Petr. 131; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 370.— Acc. cupressos, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, 13; Cato, R. R. 28, 1; Varr. R. R. 1, 15, 1, 26; Verg. G. 2, 443; id. A. 6, 216; Hor. C. 2, 14, 23; id. Epod. 5, 18:

cupressus,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 393.—

Personified: Cypărissus, i, m., a youth changed to a cypress, Ov M. 10, 121 sq.; cf. Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 20; id. A. 3, 64.—

Meton., a box of cypress wood; abl. cupresso, Hor. A. P. 332.

arbor ( arbŏs, Lucr. 1, 774; 6, 786 Lachm.; Ov. M. 2, 212; id. F. 1, 153 (but Merk. arbor, in both places); Verg. E. 3, 56; id. G. 2, 57; 2, 81; id. A. 3, 27; 6, 206 Rib. al.: acc. arbosem, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.), ŏris, f. (m., INTER DVOS ARBORES, Inscr. Lyon, I. 27) [v. arduus].

In gen.: arbores serere, to plant, Caecil. Stat. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31; Cic. Sen. 17, 59:

poni,

Verg. G. 2, 278:

arbos se sustulit,

id. ib. 2, 57:

arbores putare,

Cato, R. R. 32, 1: arbores frondescere, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69:

arboribus frondes redeunt,

Ov. F. 3, 237:

arbos silvestris,

Verg. E. 3, 70:

ramosa,

Lucr. 5 [1096]:

umbrosa,

Verg. G. 2, 66; so Ov. P. 4, 5, 41:

ingens,

Verg. G. 2, 81:

alta,

Ov. M. 15, 404:

summa,

Verg. G. 4, 557; so Ov. M. 12, 15:

patula,

id. ib. 1, 106:

fertilis,

Verg. G. 4, 142:

in quibus (arboribus) non truncus, non rami, non folia sunt,

Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 178:

sub ramis arboris altae,

Lucr. 2, 30, and Verg. A. 7, 108:

arborum rami,

Vulg. Sap. 17, 17:

arbor nuda sine frondibus,

Ov. M. 13, 690; Vulg. Marc. 11, 8:

arborum cortices,

Vulg. Job, 30, 4:

arbores ab radicibus subruere,

Caes. B. G. 6, 27; Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 130; Vulg. Matt. 3, 10:

quarum (arborum) baca,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31:

jacent sua quāque sub arbore poma,

Verg. E. 7, 54; Vulg. Lev. 26, 20:

fructus arborum,

Quint. 8, 5, 26; Vulg. Sap. 10, 7.—

Spec. with gen. of species: alni, the alder-tree, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 7:

fici,

the fig-tree, Cic. Fl. 17, 41; Vulg. Matt. 21, 19:

arbores ficorum,

Col. 11, 2, 59: arbor ficus (nom.), Vulg. Jud. 9, 10:

abietis arbores,

fir trees, Liv. 24, 3:

arbor palmae,

the palm-tree, Suet. Aug. 94:

cupressūs,

the cypress, id. Vesp. 5:

arbor sycomorus,

a sycamore, Vulg. Luc. 19, 4; so,

arbor morus,

ib. ib. 17, 6:

arbores olivarum,

olive trees, ib. Exod. 27, 20.— Poet.:

Jovis,

the oak-tree, Ov. M. 1, 106:

Phoebi,

the laurel-tree, id. F. 3, 139 (cf. id. ib. 6, 91:

Apollinea laurus): Palladis,

the olive-tree, id. A. A. 2, 518:

arbor Herculea,

the poplar, Verg. G. 2, 66 (cf.:

Arborum genera numinibus suis dicata perpetuo servantur, ut Jovi aesculus, Apollini laurus, Minervae olea, Veneri myrtus, Herculi populus,

Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 3; Phaedr. 3, 17) al.—

Meton.

Things made of wood (cf.: Mille sunt usus earum (arborum), sine quīs vita degi non possit. Arbore sulcamus, maria terrasque admovemus; arbore exaedificamus tecta;

arborea et simulacra numinum fuere etc.,

Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 5).

With mali:

adversique infigitur arbore mali,

Verg. A. 5, 504.—

Without mali, Luc. 9, 332; Sil. 3, 129; Paul. Sent. 1. 2, t. 3.—

The lever or bar of a press, press-beam, Cato, R. R. 18, 4; 18, 12; Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317.—

An oar:

centenāque arbore fluctum Verberat adsurgens,

Verg. A. 10, 207.—

A ship:

Phrixeam petiit Pelias arbor ovem,

the ship Argo, Ov. H. 12, 8.—

The shaft of a javelin, a javelin, Stat. Th. 12, 769.—

Euphemist.: arbor infelix, a gallows, gibbet:

caput obnubito, arbori infelici suspendito,

Cic. Rab. 4 fin.; Liv. 1, 26, 7; cf. Plin. 16, 26, 45, § 108 (Niebuhr, Röm. Gesch. I. § 365, compares the words of the Fries. law: am argen vordern Baum henken; cf. in Engl. to hang on the accursed tree).—

The fabulous polypus, which was fancied to have arms like the branches of a tree:

In Gaditano Oceano arbor in tantum vastis dispansa armis, ut fretum numquam intrāsse credatur,

Plin. 9, 4, 3, § 8.

Arbor infelix, a town and castle in Rhœtia, now Arbon, Tab. Peut.

arbor ( arbŏs, Lucr. 1, 774; 6, 786 Lachm.; Ov. M. 2, 212; id. F. 1, 153 (but Merk. arbor, in both places); Verg. E. 3, 56; id. G. 2, 57; 2, 81; id. A. 3, 27; 6, 206 Rib. al.: acc. arbosem, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.), ŏris, f. (m., INTER DVOS ARBORES, Inscr. Lyon, I. 27) [v. arduus].

In gen.: arbores serere, to plant, Caecil. Stat. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31; Cic. Sen. 17, 59:

poni,

Verg. G. 2, 278:

arbos se sustulit,

id. ib. 2, 57:

arbores putare,

Cato, R. R. 32, 1: arbores frondescere, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69:

arboribus frondes redeunt,

Ov. F. 3, 237:

arbos silvestris,

Verg. E. 3, 70:

ramosa,

Lucr. 5 [1096]:

umbrosa,

Verg. G. 2, 66; so Ov. P. 4, 5, 41:

ingens,

Verg. G. 2, 81:

alta,

Ov. M. 15, 404:

summa,

Verg. G. 4, 557; so Ov. M. 12, 15:

patula,

id. ib. 1, 106:

fertilis,

Verg. G. 4, 142:

in quibus (arboribus) non truncus, non rami, non folia sunt,

Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 178:

sub ramis arboris altae,

Lucr. 2, 30, and Verg. A. 7, 108:

arborum rami,

Vulg. Sap. 17, 17:

arbor nuda sine frondibus,

Ov. M. 13, 690; Vulg. Marc. 11, 8:

arborum cortices,

Vulg. Job, 30, 4:

arbores ab radicibus subruere,

Caes. B. G. 6, 27; Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 130; Vulg. Matt. 3, 10:

quarum (arborum) baca,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31:

jacent sua quāque sub arbore poma,

Verg. E. 7, 54; Vulg. Lev. 26, 20:

fructus arborum,

Quint. 8, 5, 26; Vulg. Sap. 10, 7.—

Spec. with gen. of species: alni, the alder-tree, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 7:

fici,

the fig-tree, Cic. Fl. 17, 41; Vulg. Matt. 21, 19:

arbores ficorum,

Col. 11, 2, 59: arbor ficus (nom.), Vulg. Jud. 9, 10:

abietis arbores,

fir trees, Liv. 24, 3:

arbor palmae,

the palm-tree, Suet. Aug. 94:

cupressūs,

the cypress, id. Vesp. 5:

arbor sycomorus,

a sycamore, Vulg. Luc. 19, 4; so,

arbor morus,

ib. ib. 17, 6:

arbores olivarum,

olive trees, ib. Exod. 27, 20.— Poet.:

Jovis,

the oak-tree, Ov. M. 1, 106:

Phoebi,

the laurel-tree, id. F. 3, 139 (cf. id. ib. 6, 91:

Apollinea laurus): Palladis,

the olive-tree, id. A. A. 2, 518:

arbor Herculea,

the poplar, Verg. G. 2, 66 (cf.:

Arborum genera numinibus suis dicata perpetuo servantur, ut Jovi aesculus, Apollini laurus, Minervae olea, Veneri myrtus, Herculi populus,

Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 3; Phaedr. 3, 17) al.—

Meton.

Things made of wood (cf.: Mille sunt usus earum (arborum), sine quīs vita degi non possit. Arbore sulcamus, maria terrasque admovemus; arbore exaedificamus tecta;

arborea et simulacra numinum fuere etc.,

Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 5).

With mali:

adversique infigitur arbore mali,

Verg. A. 5, 504.—

Without mali, Luc. 9, 332; Sil. 3, 129; Paul. Sent. 1. 2, t. 3.—

The lever or bar of a press, press-beam, Cato, R. R. 18, 4; 18, 12; Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317.—

An oar:

centenāque arbore fluctum Verberat adsurgens,

Verg. A. 10, 207.—

A ship:

Phrixeam petiit Pelias arbor ovem,

the ship Argo, Ov. H. 12, 8.—

The shaft of a javelin, a javelin, Stat. Th. 12, 769.—

Euphemist.: arbor infelix, a gallows, gibbet:

caput obnubito, arbori infelici suspendito,

Cic. Rab. 4 fin.; Liv. 1, 26, 7; cf. Plin. 16, 26, 45, § 108 (Niebuhr, Röm. Gesch. I. § 365, compares the words of the Fries. law: am argen vordern Baum henken; cf. in Engl. to hang on the accursed tree).—

The fabulous polypus, which was fancied to have arms like the branches of a tree:

In Gaditano Oceano arbor in tantum vastis dispansa armis, ut fretum numquam intrāsse credatur,

Plin. 9, 4, 3, § 8.

Arbor infelix, a town and castle in Rhœtia, now Arbon, Tab. Peut.

fērālis, e, adj. [fero, from the carrying of the dead in funeral procession; cf. ferculum; cf. also Fest., Varr., Ov. ll. c. infra and v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 467], of or belonging to the dead or to corpses, funereal (as an adj. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

tu tamen exstincto feralia munera ferto,

offerings to the dead, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 81:

sacra,

Luc. 1, 616:

cupressus,

Verg. A. 6, 216; Ov. Tr. 3, 13, 21; cf.:

ferale decus,

i. e. the cypress, Sil. 10, 535:

vittae,

Ov. Ib. 103:

reliquiae,

i. e. the ashes of the dead, Tac. A. 2, 75:

ferali carmine bubo Visa queri,

Verg. A. 4, 462:

Enyo,

Petr. 120.—

In partic., of or belonging to the festival of the dead (celebrated annually in the month of February):

tunc, cum ferales praeteriere dies,

the days of the festival of the dead, Ov. F. 2, 34:

tempus,

id. ib. 5, 486: mensis, i. e. February, Col. poet. 10, 191. —

Subst.: Fĕrālĭa, ĭum, n., the general festival of the dead kept on the 17 th or 21 st of February, the feast of All Souls (cf.:

inferiae, justa, pompa, exsequiae, funus): hanc, quia justa ferunt, dixere Fĕralia lucem: Ultima placandis Manibus illa dies,

Ov. F. 2, 569:

feralia ab inferis et ferendo, quod ferunt tum epulas ad sepulcrum, quibus jus ibi parentare,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 13 Müll.; cf.:

feralium diem ait Varro a ferendis in sepulcra epulis dici,

Macr. S. 1, 4: feralia diis Manibus sacrata festa, a ferendis epulis, vel a feriendis pecudibus appellata, Paul. ex Fest. p. 85 Müll.:

eodem die video Caesarem a Corfinio profectum esse, id est, Feralibus,

Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1:

diem finiri placuit Feralia, quae proxime fuissent,

Liv. 35, 7, 3 Drak. N. cr. —

Transf., in gen., deadly, fatal, dangerous = funestus:

tune, Licha, dixit, feralia dona tulisti?

Ov. M. 9, 214:

arma,

Luc. 2, 260; 374:

bellum,

Tac. H. 5, 25:

papilio,

Ov. M. 15, 374; cf.:

papilio pestifer,

Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 65:

Idus Mart. ferales Caesari,

Plin. 18, 26, 65, § 237:

annus,

Tac. A. 4, 64:

tenebrae,

id. ib. 2,31:

aula, a term applied to the abode of the great African serpent,

Sil. 6, 216.— Comp.:

feralior,

Pacat. Pan. Theod. 46, 4.— Sup.: nefas feralissimum, Salv. Gub. Dei, 1, p. 23.—In neutr. adv.:

ferale gemiscere,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 130.— Hence, adv.: fērālĭter, fatally (late Lat.):

ut leo feraliter invadit,

Fulg. Myth. 3, 1 med.

fērālis, e, adj. [fero, from the carrying of the dead in funeral procession; cf. ferculum; cf. also Fest., Varr., Ov. ll. c. infra and v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 467], of or belonging to the dead or to corpses, funereal (as an adj. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

tu tamen exstincto feralia munera ferto,

offerings to the dead, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 81:

sacra,

Luc. 1, 616:

cupressus,

Verg. A. 6, 216; Ov. Tr. 3, 13, 21; cf.:

ferale decus,

i. e. the cypress, Sil. 10, 535:

vittae,

Ov. Ib. 103:

reliquiae,

i. e. the ashes of the dead, Tac. A. 2, 75:

ferali carmine bubo Visa queri,

Verg. A. 4, 462:

Enyo,

Petr. 120.—

In partic., of or belonging to the festival of the dead (celebrated annually in the month of February):

tunc, cum ferales praeteriere dies,

the days of the festival of the dead, Ov. F. 2, 34:

tempus,

id. ib. 5, 486: mensis, i. e. February, Col. poet. 10, 191. —

Subst.: Fĕrālĭa, ĭum, n., the general festival of the dead kept on the 17 th or 21 st of February, the feast of All Souls (cf.:

inferiae, justa, pompa, exsequiae, funus): hanc, quia justa ferunt, dixere Fĕralia lucem: Ultima placandis Manibus illa dies,

Ov. F. 2, 569:

feralia ab inferis et ferendo, quod ferunt tum epulas ad sepulcrum, quibus jus ibi parentare,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 13 Müll.; cf.:

feralium diem ait Varro a ferendis in sepulcra epulis dici,

Macr. S. 1, 4: feralia diis Manibus sacrata festa, a ferendis epulis, vel a feriendis pecudibus appellata, Paul. ex Fest. p. 85 Müll.:

eodem die video Caesarem a Corfinio profectum esse, id est, Feralibus,

Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1:

diem finiri placuit Feralia, quae proxime fuissent,

Liv. 35, 7, 3 Drak. N. cr. —

Transf., in gen., deadly, fatal, dangerous = funestus:

tune, Licha, dixit, feralia dona tulisti?

Ov. M. 9, 214:

arma,

Luc. 2, 260; 374:

bellum,

Tac. H. 5, 25:

papilio,

Ov. M. 15, 374; cf.:

papilio pestifer,

Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 65:

Idus Mart. ferales Caesari,

Plin. 18, 26, 65, § 237:

annus,

Tac. A. 4, 64:

tenebrae,

id. ib. 2,31:

aula, a term applied to the abode of the great African serpent,

Sil. 6, 216.— Comp.:

feralior,

Pacat. Pan. Theod. 46, 4.— Sup.: nefas feralissimum, Salv. Gub. Dei, 1, p. 23.—In neutr. adv.:

ferale gemiscere,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 130.— Hence, adv.: fērālĭter, fatally (late Lat.):

ut leo feraliter invadit,

Fulg. Myth. 3, 1 med.

fērālis, e, adj. [fero, from the carrying of the dead in funeral procession; cf. ferculum; cf. also Fest., Varr., Ov. ll. c. infra and v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 467], of or belonging to the dead or to corpses, funereal (as an adj. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

tu tamen exstincto feralia munera ferto,

offerings to the dead, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 81:

sacra,

Luc. 1, 616:

cupressus,

Verg. A. 6, 216; Ov. Tr. 3, 13, 21; cf.:

ferale decus,

i. e. the cypress, Sil. 10, 535:

vittae,

Ov. Ib. 103:

reliquiae,

i. e. the ashes of the dead, Tac. A. 2, 75:

ferali carmine bubo Visa queri,

Verg. A. 4, 462:

Enyo,

Petr. 120.—

In partic., of or belonging to the festival of the dead (celebrated annually in the month of February):

tunc, cum ferales praeteriere dies,

the days of the festival of the dead, Ov. F. 2, 34:

tempus,

id. ib. 5, 486: mensis, i. e. February, Col. poet. 10, 191. —

Subst.: Fĕrālĭa, ĭum, n., the general festival of the dead kept on the 17 th or 21 st of February, the feast of All Souls (cf.:

inferiae, justa, pompa, exsequiae, funus): hanc, quia justa ferunt, dixere Fĕralia lucem: Ultima placandis Manibus illa dies,

Ov. F. 2, 569:

feralia ab inferis et ferendo, quod ferunt tum epulas ad sepulcrum, quibus jus ibi parentare,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 13 Müll.; cf.:

feralium diem ait Varro a ferendis in sepulcra epulis dici,

Macr. S. 1, 4: feralia diis Manibus sacrata festa, a ferendis epulis, vel a feriendis pecudibus appellata, Paul. ex Fest. p. 85 Müll.:

eodem die video Caesarem a Corfinio profectum esse, id est, Feralibus,

Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1:

diem finiri placuit Feralia, quae proxime fuissent,

Liv. 35, 7, 3 Drak. N. cr. —

Transf., in gen., deadly, fatal, dangerous = funestus:

tune, Licha, dixit, feralia dona tulisti?

Ov. M. 9, 214:

arma,

Luc. 2, 260; 374:

bellum,

Tac. H. 5, 25:

papilio,

Ov. M. 15, 374; cf.:

papilio pestifer,

Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 65:

Idus Mart. ferales Caesari,

Plin. 18, 26, 65, § 237:

annus,

Tac. A. 4, 64:

tenebrae,

id. ib. 2,31:

aula, a term applied to the abode of the great African serpent,

Sil. 6, 216.— Comp.:

feralior,

Pacat. Pan. Theod. 46, 4.— Sup.: nefas feralissimum, Salv. Gub. Dei, 1, p. 23.—In neutr. adv.:

ferale gemiscere,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 130.— Hence, adv.: fērālĭter, fatally (late Lat.):

ut leo feraliter invadit,

Fulg. Myth. 3, 1 med.

ad-sum (Ribbeck has written assum in Novius by conj. from suum of the MSS., Com. Trag. p. 262; in Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 67, adsum must be pronounced assum, as the pun on the word requires, Roby, I. p. 49), adfui (affui, Merkel, L. Müller), adesse, v. n. (arfui = adfui, S. C. de Bacch.; arf = adfuerunt, ib.; arfuise = adfuisse, ib.; v. ad init.;

adsiem = adsim,

Verg. Cat. 5, 6 ( dicam, Rib.):

adsiet,

Cato, R. R. 141, 4; Plaut. As. 2, 4, 9; Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 11:

adsient,

id. Phorm. 2, 18, 3: adfore now and then takes the place of adfuturus esse, and adforem of adessem, which is written with one s, adesent, in S. C. de Bacch.), to be at or near a person or place, to be somewhere, to be present (opp. absum, to be distant, removed, absent).

Lit.

Absol.: visus Homerus adesse poëta, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 51 (Ann. v. 6 Vahl.), imitated by Verg. A. 2, 271, and Ov. M. 7, 635; v. below: Hegio adsum;

si quid me vis, impera,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 1; so id. Truc. 2, 6, 33; 4, 3, 52:

quasi adfuerim simulabo,

id. Am. 1, 1, 45. —

With adv. or adj.:

etsi abest, hic adesse erum Arbitror,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 11:

Philolaches jam hic aderit,

id. Most. 5, 1, 29; and id. Ps. 1, 2, 48:

quod adest praesto,

Lucr. 5, 1412:

ut quasi coram adesse videare, cum scribo aliquid ad te,

Cic. Fam. 15, 16; id. Att. 5, 18, 3; Verg. A. 1, 595:

non quia ades praesens dico hoc,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 39.—

With prepp.:

ad exercitum,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 6:

in tabernaculo,

id. ib. 1, 1, 269:

adsum apud te,

id. Poen. 1, 2, 67:

mulier ad eam rem divinam ne adsit,

Cato, R. R. 83:

ad portam,

Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57:

ante oculos maestissimus Hector Visus adesse mihi,

Verg. A. 2, 271:

ante oculos eadem mihi quercus adesse... visa est,

Ov. M. 7, 635. —

With dat.:

adsum praesens praesenti tibi,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 27:

DVM. NE. MINVS. SENATORIBVS. C. ADESENT. S. C. de Bacch. (see Append. to this dictionary): portis,

Verg. A. 2, 330:

senatui,

Tac. A. 4, 55:

convivio,

Suet. Tib. 61 fin.:

quaestioni,

id. ib. 62: pugnae. id. Oth. 9.

Trop.

Of time, to be present, be at hand:

dum tempestates adsunt,

Lucr. 1, 178:

Vesper adest,

Cat. 62, 1:

jamque dies aderit,

Ov. M. 3, 519; 9, 285; 12, 150:

aderat judicio dies,

Liv. 3, 12:

cum jam partus adesset,

Ov. M. 9, 674.—

Of other abstr. things, to be present, to be at hand (incorrectly made syn. with the simple esse).

Absol.:

nunc adest occasio benefacta cumulare,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 63:

ad narrandum argumentum adest benignitas,

id. Men. prol. 16:

omnia adsunt bona, quem penes est virtus,

id. Am. 2, 2, 21:

ut tranquillitas animi et securitas adsit,

Cic. Off. 1, 20:

tanti aderant morbi vesicae et viscerum, ut, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 30.—

With dat.:

hominum quīs pudor paulum adest,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 6:

vigilantibus hinc aderant solacia somni,

Lucr. 5, 1405:

vis ad resistendum nulli aderat,

Vell. 2, 61; 2, 21:

vim adfore verbo Crediderat,

Verg. A. 10, 547:

tantus decor adfuit arti,

Ov. M. 6, 18:

simplicitas puerilibus adfuit annis,

id. ib. 5, 400:

quantus adest equis Sudor,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 9:

uti mox Nulla fides damnis adsit,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 57:

quousque patieris, Caesar, non adesse caput reipublicae?

to be in his place, to be present, Tac. A. 1, 13 et saep.—

Animo or animis, to be present in mind, with attention, interest, sympathy; also, with courage (cf. animus); to give attention to something, to give heed, observe, attend to; also, to be fearless, be of good courage:

ut intellegeretis eum non adfuisse animo, oum ab illis causa ageretur,

Cic. Caecin. 10 fin.:

adestote omnes animis, qui adestis corporibus,

id. Sull. 11, 33; id. Phil. 8, 10, 30 (cf. Ter. And. prol. 24, and Phorm. prol. 30: adeste aequo animo): [p. 46] quam ob rem adeste animis, judices, et timorem, si quem habetis, deponite, Cic. Mil. 2, 4:

ades animo et omitte timorem,

id. Rep. 6, 10 fin. —

Poet., to be present with one, to be associated with, to attend:

Tu ducibus Latiis aderis, cum laeta Triumphum Vox canet,

Ov. M. 1, 560;

of the cypress: aderis dolentibus,

id. ib. 10, 142. —

To be present with one's aid or support; to stand by, to assist, aid, help, protect, defend, sustain (esp. freq. of advocati; cf.

absum): ibo ad forum atque aliquot mihi amicos advocabo, ad hanc rem qui adsient,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 82; id. Eun. 4, 6, 26:

omnes enim hi, quos videtis adesse in hac causa, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 1; id. Verr. 2, 2, 29; id. Sull. 29; id. Phil. 2, 37, 95; Quint. 1, 4; 8, 30 et saep.:

ego tamen tuis rebus sic adero ut difficillimis,

Cic. Fam. 6, 14 fin.; so id. Att. 1, 1:

Camulogenus suis aderat atque eos cohortabatur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 62:

dictator intercessioni adero,

Liv. 6, 38:

cui sententiae adest Dicaearchus,

Plin. 2, 65, 65:

Aderam Arrionillae, Timonis uxori,

Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 5; 2, 11, 2:

quod ille adversus privatum se intemperantius adfuisset,

had taken part, Suet. Claud. 38 Bremi.—With inf.:

non Teucros delere aderam,

Sil. 9, 532;

so of a protecting, aiding divinity, esp. in invocations, adsis, adsit, etc.: adsis, o Tegeaee, favens,

Verg. G. 1, 18; id. A. 4, 578:

adsis, o Cytherea,

id. Cat. 6, 11:

ades, Dea, muneris auctor,

Ov. M. 10, 673; so,

Huc ades,

Tib. 1, 7, 49:

di omnes nemorum, adeste,

Ov. M. 7, 198:

nostris querelis adsint (dii),

Liv. 3, 25:

frugumque aderit mea Delia custos,

Tib. 1, 5, 21:

si vocata partubus Lucina veris adfuit,

Hor. Epod. 5, 6:

origini Romanae et deos adfuisse et non defuturam virtutem,

Liv. 1, 9; 5, 51 al.— To be present as a witness:

(testes) adsunt cum adversariis,

Cic. Fl. 23;

promissi testis adesto,

Ov. M. 2, 45; hence the t. t. scribendo adesse, to be present as a witness to some writing or contract (usually placed at the beginning of the writing), S. C. de Bacch. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 5 and 6 al.—

Involving the idea of motion, to come, to appear (most freq. in post-Aug. prose): adsum atque advenio Acherunte, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37;

jam ego hic adero,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 7; Ter. And. 4, 2, 32; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 96; id. Eun. 4, 7, 41:

hi ex Africa jam adfuturi videntur,

Cic. Att. 11, 15:

Hymen ades o Hymenaee,

Cat. 62, 5:

Galli per dumos aderant,

Verg. A. 8, 657; 11, 100:

huc ades, o formose puer,

id. E. 2, 45; 7, 9; Ov. M. 8, 598; 2, 513 (cf. also adesdum):

ecce Arcas adest,

appears, is arrived, id. ib. 2, 497; so 3, 102; 528; 4, 692; 5, 46; 8, 418; 9, 200, 304, 363, 760; 11, 349; 12, 341;

13, 73, 82, 662, 906: adfore tempus, quo, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 256;

cum hostes adessent, i. e. appropinquarent,

Liv. 2, 10:

truci clamore aderant semisomnos in barbaros,

Tac. A. 4, 25:

infensi adesse et instare,

Sall. J. 50:

quod serius adfuisset,

Suet. Aug. 94 al. —In App. with acc.:

cubiculum adero, Met. 2, p. 119 Elm.: scopulum aderunt,

ib. 5, p. 160.—

As judicial t. t., to appear before a tribunal:

C. Verrem altera actione responsurum non esse, neque ad judicium adfuturum... quod iste certe statuerat non adesse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1:

augures adsunt,

id. Dom. 34:

augurem adesse jusserunt,

Vell. 2, 10; cf. Brisson. de Form. V. p. 446.—

Of the senate, to attend, to convene:

edixit ut adesset senatus frequens a. d. viii. Kal. Decembris,

Cic. Phil. 3, 19:

ne sine causa videretur edixisse, ut senatus adcsset,

id. ib. 24.

cōnus, i, m., = kônos, a cone.

In gen., Lucr. 4, 430 and 432; Cic. N. D. 1, 10, 24; 2, 18, 47 al.—

Esp., of conical bodies,

The apex of a helmet, Verg. A. 3, 468; Ov. M. 3, 108; Plin. 10, 1, 1, § 2; cf. Isid. Orig. 18, 14, 2.—

The cone of the cypress, Col. 6, 7, 2.—

A kind of sundial, Vitr. 9, 8, 1.

verbēna, ae, f. (v. Don. ad Ter. And. 4, 3, 11); usually in plur.: verbēnae, ārum, f., foliage, herbage, the leaves, twigs, and branches of laurel, olive, or myrtle, cypress, tamarisk, sacred boughs, etc.:

verbenas vocamus omnes frondes sacratas, ut est laurus, oliva vel myrtus,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 120; cf. id. ad Verg. E. 8, 65, where is given the derivation, a viriditate;

such boughs were borne by the fetiales,

Liv. 1, 24, 6; 30, 43, 3; Plin. 22, 2, 3, § 5:

verbenā tempora vincti,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 120;

by priests suing for protection,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 110;

and were used in sacrifices and other religious acts,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 33; Ter. And. 4, 3, 11; Hor. C. 1, 19, 14; 4, 11, 7; Ov. M. 7, 242; Verg. E. 8, 65; Plin. 15, 29, 36, § 119; Suet. Vesp. 7.—

A class of plants used in medicine as cooling remedies, including the olive, myrtle, ivy, etc., Cels. 2, 22 fin.; 8, 10, 7.

verbēna, ae, f. (v. Don. ad Ter. And. 4, 3, 11); usually in plur.: verbēnae, ārum, f., foliage, herbage, the leaves, twigs, and branches of laurel, olive, or myrtle, cypress, tamarisk, sacred boughs, etc.:

verbenas vocamus omnes frondes sacratas, ut est laurus, oliva vel myrtus,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 120; cf. id. ad Verg. E. 8, 65, where is given the derivation, a viriditate;

such boughs were borne by the fetiales,

Liv. 1, 24, 6; 30, 43, 3; Plin. 22, 2, 3, § 5:

verbenā tempora vincti,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 120;

by priests suing for protection,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 110;

and were used in sacrifices and other religious acts,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 33; Ter. And. 4, 3, 11; Hor. C. 1, 19, 14; 4, 11, 7; Ov. M. 7, 242; Verg. E. 8, 65; Plin. 15, 29, 36, § 119; Suet. Vesp. 7.—

A class of plants used in medicine as cooling remedies, including the olive, myrtle, ivy, etc., Cels. 2, 22 fin.; 8, 10, 7.

* * *